Method for transmitting uplink signal to minimize spurious emission and user equipment thereof

ABSTRACT

A method for limiting a spurious emission, and a user equipment (UE) thereof are discussed. The method according to one embodiment includes configuring a radio frequency (RF) unit of the UE to use a band 1; if the RF unit is configured to use the band 1, controlling the RF unit of the UK to limit a maximum level of spurious emission to −50 dBm for protecting another UE using a band 5; and transmitting an uplink signal through the configured RF unit. The band 1 includes an uplink operating band of 1920-1980 MHz and a downlink operating band of 2110-2170 MHz. The band 5 includes an uplink operating band of 824-849 MHz and a downlink operating band of 869-894 MHz.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of copending application Ser. No.14/378,282, filed on Aug. 12, 2014, which was filed as the NationalPhase of PCT International Application No. PCT/KR2014/002486, filed onMar. 25, 2014, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S.Provisional Application Nos. 61/805,508, filed on Mar. 26, 2013, and61/884,127, filed on Sep. 29, 2013, and under 35 U.S.C. 119(a) to PatentApplication No. 10-2014-0032054, filed in the Republic of Korea on Mar.19, 2014, all of which are hereby expressly incorporated by referenceinto the present application.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method for transmitting an uplinksignal to minimize spurious emission and user equipment thereof.

Discussion of the Related Art

3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) thatis an advancement of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) isbeing introduced with 3GPP release 8.

In 3GPP LTE, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) isused for downlink, and SC-FDMA (single carrier-frequency divisionmultiple access) is used for uplink. To understand OFDMA, OFDM should beknown. OFDM may attenuate inter-symbol interference with low complexityand is in use. OFDM converts data serially input into N parallel datapieces and carries the data pieces over N orthogonal sub-carriers. Thesub-carriers maintain orthogonality in view of frequency. Meanwhile,OFDMA refers to a multiple access scheme that realizes multiple accessby independently providing each user with some of sub-carriers availablein the system that adopts OFDM as its modulation scheme.

FIG. 1 illustrates a 3GPP LTE wireless communication system.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the wireless communication system includesat least one base station (BS) 20. Each base station 20 offers acommunication service in a specific geographical area (generally denotedcell) 20 a, 20 b, and 20 c.

At this time, communication from the base station to a terminal isdenoted downlink (DL), and communication from the terminal to the basestation is denoted uplink (UL).

If the BSs 20 provided from a plurality of service providers is locatedat respective geographical regions 15 a, 15 b, and 15 c, the BSs 20 mayinterfere with each other.

In order to prevent the interference, the respective service providersmay provide a service with different frequency bands.

However, when the frequency bands of the respective service providersare close to each other, the interference problem remains.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the disclosures in the specification a method fortransmitting an uplink signal to minimize a spurious emission capable oflimiting a maximum level with respect to the spurious emission leaked toa neighboring band, and user equipment thereof.

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposeof the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein,there is provided a method for limiting a spurious emission, the methodperformed by a user equipment (UE). The method may comprise: if a radiofrequency (RF) unit of the UE is configured to use a 3GPP standard basedE-UTRA band 1, configuring a RF unit of the UE to limit a maximum levelof spurious emission to −50 dBm for protecting other UE using a 3GPPstandard based E-UTRA band 5 in order to apply a UE-to-UE coexistencerequirement for the same region to inter-regions; if the RF unit isconfigured to use the 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 5, configuring theRF unit of the UE to limit a maximum level of spurious emission to −50dBm for protecting other UE using at least one of the 3GPP standardbased E-UTRA bands 1, 3, 7, 8, 38, 40 in order to apply a UE-to-UEcoexistence requirement for the same region to inter-regions; andtransmitting an uplink signal through the configured RF unit.

When the RF unit aggregates inter-band carriers of the band 1 and theband 5, the RF unit may be configured to limit the maximum level of thespurious emission to −50 dBm.

The method may further comprise: comprising receiving setting carrieraggregation of the 3GPP standard based E-UTRA bands 1 and 5.

The method may further comprise receiving system information. The systeminformation comprises information on at least one of the 3GPP standardbased E-UTRA bands 1 and 5.

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposeof the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein,there is provided a wireless apparatus for transmitting an uplinksignal. The wireless apparatus may comprise: a processor; and a radiofrequency (RF) unit controllable by the processor and configured totransmit an uplink signal. Here, if the RF unit is configured to use a3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 1, a maximum level of spurious emissionmay be limited to −50 dBm for protecting other UE using a 3GPP standardbased E-UTRA band 5 in order to apply a UE-to-UE coexistence requirementfor the same region to inter-regions. Also, if the RF unit is configuredto use the 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 5, a maximum level ofspurious emission may be limited to −50 dBm for protecting other UEusing at least one of the 3GPP standard based E-UTRA bands 1,3,7,8,38,40 in order to apply a UE-to-UE coexistence requirement for the sameregion to inter-regions.

When the RF unit aggregates inter-band carriers of the band 1 and theband 5, the RF unit may be configured to limit the maximum level of thespurious emission to −50 dBm.

The RF unit may receive setting carrier aggregation of the 3GPP standardbased E-UTRA bands 1 and 5.

The RF unit may receive system information, and the system informationcomprises information on at least one of the 3GPP standard based E-UTRAbands 1 and 5.

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposeof the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein,there is provided a method for limiting a spurious emission, the methodperformed by a user equipment (UE). The method may comprise: receiving aconfiguration on carrier aggregation of 3GPP standard based E-UTRA bands1 and 5; and if a number of RBs in each of the bands 1 and 5 are equalto or less than 100, configuring the RF unit to limit a maximum level ofspurious emission to −50 dBm in order to protect at least one of 3GPPstandard based E-UTRA band 1,3,5,7,8,38,40,42.

The method may further comprise: configuring the RF unit to limit themaximum level of the spurious emission to −27 dBm for protecting anE-UTRA band 26.

The method may further comprise: configuring the RF unit of the UE tolimit the maximum level of the spurious emission to −37 dBm forprotecting an E-UTRA band 28.

The method may further comprise receiving system information. Here, thesystem information may comprise information on at least one of the 3GPPstandard based E-UTRA bands 1 and 5.

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposeof the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein,there is provided a wireless apparatus for transmitting an uplinksignal. The wireless apparatus may comprise: a processor; and a radiofrequency (RF) unit controllable by the processor and configured totransmit an uplink signal. Here, if the RF unit is configured toaggregate 3GPP standard based E-UTRA bands 1 and 5, and if a number ofRBs in each of the bands 1 and 5 may be equal to or less than 100, amaximum level of spurious emission is limited to −50 dBm to protect atleast one of 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 1,3,5,7,8,38,40,42.

The RF unit may be configured to limit the maximum level of the spuriousemission to −27 dBm for protecting an E-UTRA band 26.

The RF unit may be configured to limit the maximum level of the spuriousemission to −37 dBm for protecting an E-UTRA band 28.

According to the present invention, since the spurious emission leakedto a neighboring band may be reduced, interference with a neighboringchannel can be reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments andtogether with the description serve to explain the principles of theinvention.

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system.

FIG. 2 illustrates the architecture of a radio frame according to FDD in3GPP LTE.

FIG. 3 illustrates the architecture of a downlink radio frame accordingto TDD in 3GPP LTE.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example resource grid for one uplink or downlinkslot in 3GPP LTE.

FIG. 5 illustrates the architecture of a downlink sub-frame.

FIG. 6 illustrates the architecture of an uplink sub-frame in 3GPP LTE.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of comparison between a single carriersystem and a carrier aggregation system.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of cross-carrier scheduling in a carrieraggregation system.

FIG. 9 illustrates example scheduling when cross-carrier scheduling isconfigured in a carrier aggregation system.

FIG. 10 is a concept view illustrating intra-band carrier aggregation(CA).

FIG. 11 is a concept view illustrating inter-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 12 illustrates the concept of unwanted emission.

FIG. 13 specifically illustrates out-of-band emission of the unwantedemission shown in FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 illustrates a relationship between the resource block RB andchannel band (MHz) shown in FIG. 12.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a method of limiting transmissionpower of a terminal.

FIG. 16 illustrates a used example of operating bands by continents.

FIGS. 17A and 17B are exemplary diagrams illustrating bands used inKorea of Asia.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are exemplary diagrams illustrating bands used inBrazil of South America.

FIG. 19A is a graph illustrating an experimental result with respect toa band 1.

FIG. 19B is a graph illustrating an experimental result with respect toa band 5.

FIG. 20 illustrates an operation of UE according to the presentinvention.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication systemaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The technical terms used herein are used to merely describe specificembodiments and should not be construed as limiting the presentinvention. Further, the technical terms used herein should be, unlessdefined otherwise, interpreted as having meanings generally understoodby those skilled in the art but not too broadly or too narrowly.Further, the technical terms used herein, which are determined not toexactly represent the spirit of the invention, should be replaced by orunderstood by such technical terms as being able to be exactlyunderstood by those skilled in the art. Further, the general terms usedherein should be interpreted in the context as defined in thedictionary, but not in an excessively narrowed manner.

The expression of the singular number in the specification includes themeaning of the plural number unless the meaning of the singular numberis definitely different from that of the plural number in the context.In the following description, the term ‘include’ or ‘have’ may representthe existence of a feature, a number, a step, an operation, a component,a part or the combination thereof described in the specification, andmay not exclude the existence or addition of another feature, anothernumber, another step, another operation, another component, another partor the combination thereof.

The terms ‘first’ and ‘second’ are used for the purpose of explanationabout various components, and the components are not limited to theterms ‘first’ and ‘second’. The terms ‘first’ and ‘second’ are only usedto distinguish one component from another component. For example, afirst component may be named as a second component without deviatingfrom the scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to asbeing “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can bedirectly connected or coupled to the other element or layer orintervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when anelement is referred to as being “directly connected to” or “directlycoupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elementsor layers present.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will bedescribed in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In describing the present invention, for ease of understanding, the samereference numerals are used to denote the same components throughout thedrawings, and repetitive description on the same components will beomitted. Detailed description on well-known arts which are determined tomake the gist of the invention unclear will be omitted. The accompanyingdrawings are provided to merely make the spirit of the invention readilyunderstood, but not should be intended to be limiting of the invention.It should be understood that the spirit of the invention may be expandedto its modifications, replacements or equivalents in addition to what isshown in the drawings.

As used herein, ‘wireless device’ may be stationary or mobile, and maybe denoted by other terms such as terminal, MT (mobile terminal), UK(user equipment), ME (mobile equipment), MS (mobile station), UT (userterminal), SS (subscriber station), handheld device, or AT (accessterminal).

As used herein, ‘base station’ generally refers to a fixed station thatcommunicates with a wireless device and may be denoted by other termssuch as eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (base transceiver system), or accesspoint.

Hereinafter, applications of the present invention based on 3GPP (3rdgeneration partnership project) LTE (long term evolution) or 3GPP LTE-A(advanced) are described. However, this is merely an example, and thepresent invention may apply to various wireless communication systems.Hereinafter, LTE includes LTE and/or LTE-A.

Meanwhile, the LTE system defined by the 3GPP adopted such MIMO.Hereinafter, the LTE system is described in further detail.

FIG. 2 illustrates the architecture of a radio frame according to FDD in3GPP LTE.

For the radio frame shown in FIG. 2, 3GPP (3rd Generation PartnershipProject) TS 36.211 V8.2.0 (2008-03) “Technical Specification Group RadioAccess Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);Physical channels and modulation (Release 8)”, Ch. 5 may be referenced.

Referring to FIG. 2, the radio frame consists of 10 sub-frames, and eachsub-frame includes two slots. The slots in the radio frame are numberedwith slot numbers 0 to 19. The time taken tor one sub-frame to betransmitted is denoted TTI (transmission time interval). The TTI may bea scheduling unit for data transmission. For example, the length of oneradio frame is 10 ms, the length of one sub-frame is 1 ms, and thelength of one slot may be 0.5 ms.

The architecture of radio frame is merely an example, and the number ofsub-frames in the radio frame or the number of slots in each sub-framemay be changed variously.

Meanwhile, one slot may include a plurality of OFDM symbols. Mow manyOFDM symbols are included in one slot may vary depending on cyclicprefix (CP).

FIG. 3 illustrates the architecture of a downlink radio frame accordingto TDD in 3GPP LTE.

For this, 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.7.0 (2009-05) “Evolved Universal TerrestrialRadio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation (Release 8)”,Ch. 4 may be referenced, and this is for TDD (time division duplex).

The radio frame includes 10 sub-frames indexed 0 to 9. One sub-frameincludes two consecutive slots. The time for one sub-frame to betransmitted is denoted TTI (transmission time interval). For example,the length of one sub-frame may be 1 ms, and the length of one slot maybe 0.5 ms.

One slot may include a plurality of OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing) symbols in the time domain. The OFDM symbol is merely torepresent one symbol period in the time domain since 3GPP LTE adoptsOFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) for downlink (DL),and thus, the multiple access scheme or name is not limited thereto. Forexample, OFDM symbol may be denoted by other terms such as SC-FDMA(single carrier-frequency division multiple access) symbol or symbolperiod.

By way of example, one slot includes seven OFDM symbols. However, thenumber of OFDM symbols included in one slot may vary depending on thelength of CP (cyclic prefix). According to 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.7.0, oneslot, in the normal CP, includes seven OFDM symbols, and in the extendedCP, includes six OFDM symbols.

Resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit and includes aplurality of sub-carriers in one slot. For example, if one slot includesseven OFDM symbols in the time domain and the resource block includes 12sub-carriers in the frequency domain, one resource block may include7×12 resource elements (REs).

Sub-frames having index #1 and index #6 are denoted special sub-frames,and include a DwPTS (Downlink Pilot Time Slot: DwPTS), a GP(GuardPeriod) and an UpPTS (Uplink Pilot Time Slot). The DwPTS is used forinitial cell search, synchronization, or channel estimation in aterminal. The UpPTS is used for channel estimation in the base stationand for establishing uplink transmission sync of the terminal. The GP isa period for removing interference that arises on uplink due to amulti-path delay of a downlink signal between uplink and downlink.

In TDD, a DL (downlink) sub-frame and a UL (Uplink) co-exist in oneradio frame. Table 1 shows an example of configuration of a radio frame.

TABLE 1 UL-DL Con- Switch-point Subframe index figuration periodicity 01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 5 ms D S U U U D S U U U 1 5 ms D S U U D D S U U D2 5 ms D S U D D D S U D D 3 10 ms  D S U U U D D D D D 4 10 ms  D S U UD D D D D D 5 10 ms  D S U D D D D D D D 6 5 ms D S U U U D S U U D

‘D’ denotes a DL sub-frame, ‘U’ a UL sub-frame, and ‘S’ a specialsub-frame. When receiving a UL-DL configuration from the base station,the terminal may be aware of whether a sub-frame is a DL sub-frame or aUL sub-frame according to the configuration of the radio frame.

The DL (downlink) sub-frame is split into a control region and a dataregion in the time domain. The control region includes up to three firstOFDM symbols in the first slot of the sub-frame. However, the number ofOFDM symbols included in the control region may be changed. A PDCCH andother control channels are assigned to the control region, and a PDSCHis assigned to the data region.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example resource grid for one uplink or downlinkslot in 3GPP LTE.

Referring to FIG. 4, the uplink slot includes a plurality of OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) symbols in the time domainand NRB resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. For example, inthe LTE system, the number of resource blocks (RBs), i.e., NRB, may beone from 6 to 110.

Here, by way of example, one resource block includes 7×12 resourceelements that consist of seven OFDM symbols in the time domain and 12sub-carriers in the frequency domain. However, the number ofsub-carriers in the resource block and the number of OFDM symbols arenot limited thereto. The number of OFDM symbols in the resource block orthe number of sub-carriers may be changed variously. In other words, thenumber of OFDM symbols may be varied depending on the above-describedlength of CP. In particular, 3GPP LTE defines one slot as having sevenOFDM symbols in the case of CP and six OFDM symbols in the case ofextended CP.

OFDM symbol is to represent one symbol period, and depending on system,may also be denoted SC-FDMA symbol, OFDM symbol, or symbol period.

The resource block is a unit of resource allocation and includes aplurality of sub-carriers in the frequency domain. The number ofresource blocks included in the uplink slot, i.e., NUL, is dependentupon an uplink transmission bandwidth set in a cell. Each element on theresource grid is denoted resource element.

Meanwhile, the number of sub-carriers in one OFDM symbol may be one of128,256,512,1024, 1536, and 2048.

In 3GPP LTE, the resource grid for one uplink slot shown in FIG. 4 mayalso apply to the resource grid for the downlink slot.

FIG. 5 illustrates the architecture of a downlink sub-frame.

For this, 3GPP TS 36.211 V10.4.0 (2011-12) “Evolved UniversalTerrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation(Release 10)”, Ch. 4 may be referenced.

The radio frame includes 10 sub-frames indexed 0 to 9. One sub-frameincludes two consecutive slots. Accordingly, the radio frame includes 20slots. The time taken for one sub-frame to be transmitted is denoted TTI(transmission time interval). For example, the length of one sub-framemay be 1 ms, and the length of one slot may be 0.5 ms.

One slot may include a plurality of OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing) symbols in the time domain. OFDM symbol is merely torepresent one symbol period in the time domain since 3GPP LTE adoptsOFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) for downlink (DL),and the multiple access scheme or name is not limited thereto. Forexample, the OFDM symbol may be referred to as SC-FDMA (singlecarrier-frequency division multiple access) symbol or symbol period.

In FIG. 5, assuming the normal CP, one slot includes seven OFDM symbols,by way of example. However, the number of OFDM symbols included in oneslot may vary depending on the length of CP (cyclic prefix). That is, asdescribed above, according to 3GPP TS 36.211 V10.4.0, one slot includesseven OFDM symbols in the normal CP and six OFDM symbols in the extendedCP.

Resource block (RB) is a unit for resource allocation and includes aplurality of sub-carriers in one slot. For example, if one slot includesseven OFDM symbols in the time domain and the resource block includes 12sub-carriers in the frequency domain, one resource block may include7×12 resource elements (REs).

The DL (downlink) sub-frame is split into a control region and a dataregion in the time domain. The control region includes up to first threeOFDM symbols in the first slot of the sub-frame. However, the number ofOFDM symbols included in the control region may be changed. A PDCCH(physical downlink control channel) and other control channels areassigned to the control region, and a PDSCH is assigned to the dataregion.

As set forth in 3GPP36.211 V10.4.0, the physical channels in 3GPP LTEmay be classified into data channels such as PDSCH (physical downlinkshared channel) and PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) and controlchannels such as PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PCFICH(physical control format indicator channel), PHICH (physical hybrid-ARQindicator channel) and PUCCH (physical uplink control channel).

The PCFICH transmitted in the first OFDM symbol of the sub-frame carriesCIF (control format indicator) regarding the number (i.e., size of thecontrol region) of OFDM symbols used for transmission of controlchannels in the sub-frame. The wireless device first receives the CIF onthe PCFICH and then monitors the PDCCH.

Unlike the PDCCH, the PCFICH is transmitted through a fixed PCFICHresource in the sub-frame without using blind decoding.

The PHICH carries an ACK (positive-acknowledgement/NACK(negative-acknowledgement) signal for a UL HARQ (hybrid automatic repeatrequest). The ACK/NACK signal for UL (uplink) data on the PUSCHtransmitted by the wireless device is sent on the PHICH.

The PBCH (physical broadcast channel) is transmitted in the first fourOFDM symbols in the second slot of the first sub-frame of the radioframe. The PBCH carries system information necessary for the wirelessdevice to communicate with the base station, and the system informationtransmitted through the PBCH is denoted MIB (master information block).In comparison, system information transmitted on the PDSCH indicated bythe PDCCH is denoted SIB (system information block).

The PDCCH may carry activation of VoIP (voice over internet protocol)and a set of transmission power control commands for individual UEs insome UE group, resource allocation of an upper layer control messagesuch as a random access response transmitted on the PDSCH, systeminformation on DL-SCH, paging information on PCH, resource allocationinformation of UL-SCH (uplink shared channel), and resource allocationand transmission format of DL-SCH (downlink-shared channel). A pluralityof PDCCHs may be sent in the control region, and the terminal maymonitor the plurality of PDCCHs. The PDCCH is transmitted on one CCE(control channel element) or aggregation of some consecutive CCEs. TheCCE is a logical allocation unit used for providing a coding rate perradio channel's state to the PDCCH. The CCE corresponds to a pluralityof resource element groups. Depending on the relationship between thenumber of CCEs and coding rates provided by the CCEs, the format of thePDCCH and the possible number of PDCCHs are determined.

The control information transmitted through the PDCCH is denoteddownlink control information (DCI). The DCI may include resourceallocation of PDSCH (this is also referred to as DL (downlink) grant),resource allocation of PUSCH (this is also referred to as UL (uplink)grant), a set of transmission power control commands for individual UEsin some UE group, and/or activation of VoIP (Voice over InternetProtocol).

The base station determines a PDCCH format according to the DCI to besent to the terminal and adds a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) to controlinformation. The CRC is masked with a unique identifier (RNTI; radionetwork temporary identifier) depending on the owner or purpose of thePDCCH. In case the PDCCH is for a specific terminal, the terminal'sunique identifier, such as C-RNTI (cell-RNTI), may be masked to the CRC.Or, if the PDCCH is for a paging message, a paging indicator, forexample, P-RNTI (paging-RNTI) may be masked to the CRC. If the PDCCH isfor a system information block (SIB), a system information identifier,SI-RNTI (system information-RNTI), may be masked to the CRC. In order toindicate a random access response that is a response to the terminal'stransmission of a random access preamble, an RA-RNTI (randomaccess-RNTI) may be masked to the CRC.

In 3GPP LTE, blind decoding is used for detecting a PDCCH. The blinddecoding is a scheme of identifying whether a PDCCH is its own controlchannel by demasking a desired identifier to the CRC (cyclic redundancycheck) of a received PDCCH (this is referred to as candidate PDCCH) andchecking a CRC error. The base station determines a PDCCH formataccording to the DCI to be sent to the wireless device, then adds a CRCto the DCI, and masks a unique identifier (this is referred to as RNTI(radio network temporary identifier) to the CRC depending on the owneror purpose of the PDCCH.

According to 3GPP TS 36.211 V10.4.0, the uplink channels include aPUSCH, a PUCCH, an SRS (Sounding Reference Signal), and a PRACH(physical random access channel).

FIG. 6 illustrates the architecture of an uplink sub-frame in 3GPP LTE.

Referring to FIG. 6, the uplink sub-frame may be separated into acontrol region and a data region in the frequency domain. The controlregion is assigned a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) fortransmission of uplink control information. The data region is assigneda PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) for transmission of data (insome cases, control information may also be transmitted).

The PUCCH for one terminal is assigned in resource block (RB) pair inthe sub-frame. The resource blocks in the resource block pair take updifferent sub-carriers in each of the first and second slots. Thefrequency occupied by the resource blocks in the resource block pairassigned to the PUCCH is varied with respect to a slot boundary. This isreferred to as the RB pair assigned to the PUCCH having beenfrequency-hopped at the slot boundary.

The terminal may obtain a frequency diversity gain by transmittinguplink control information through different sub-carriers over time. mis a location index that indicates a logical frequency domain locationof a resource block pair assigned to the PUCCH in the sub-frame.

The uplink control information transmitted on the PUCCH includes an HARQ(hybrid automatic repeat request), an ACK (acknowledgement)/NACK(non-acknowledgement), a CQI (channel quality indicator) indicating adownlink channel state, and an SR (scheduling request) that is an uplinkradio resource allocation request.

The PUSCH is mapped with a UL-SCH that is a transport channel. Theuplink data transmitted on the PUSCH may be a transport block that is adata block for the UL-SCH transmitted for the TTI. The transport blockmay be user information. Or, the uplink data may be multiplexed data.The multiplexed data may be data obtained by multiplexing the transportblock for the UL-SCH and control information. For example, the controlinformation multiplexed with the data may include a CQI, a PMI(precoding matrix indicator), an HARQ, and an RI (rank indicator). Or,the uplink data may consist only of control information.

Meanwhile, an SC-FDMA transmission scheme is now described.

LTE (Long-Term Evolution) adopts, for uplink, SC (Single-Carrier) FDMAthat is similar to OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

SC-FDMA may also be referred o as DFT-s OFDM (DFT-spread OFDM). In casethe SC-FDMA transmission scheme is used, a non-linear distortion sectionof a power amplifier may be avoided, so that transmission powerefficiency may be increased in a terminal with limited powerconsumption. Accordingly, user throughput may be increased.

SC-FDMA is similar to OFDM in that a signal is carried over splitsub-carriers using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and IFFT (Inverse-FFT).However, an issue with the existing OFDM transmitter lies in thatsignals conveyed on respective sub-carriers on frequency axis aretransformed into time-axis signals by IFFT. That is, in IFFT, the sameoperation is operated in parallel, resulting in an increase in PAPR(Peak to Average Power Ratio). In order to prevent such PAPR increase,SC-FDMA performs IFFT after DFT spreading unlike OFDM. That is, suchtransmission scheme that, after DFT spreading, IFFT is conducted isreferred to as SC-FDMA. Accordingly, SC-FDMA is also referred to as DFTspread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) in the same meaning.

As such, advantages of SC-FDMA include providing robustness over amulti-path channel that comes from the fact that it has a similarstructure to OFDM while fundamentally resolving the problem of OFDM thatPAPR is increased by IFFT operation, thereby enabling effective use of apower amplifier.

Meanwhile, the 3GPP is devoting its energy to standardizing LTE-Advancedthat is an evolutional version of LTE, and the clustered DFT-s-OFDMscheme has been adopted which permits non-contiguous resourceallocation.

The clustered DFT-s OFDM transmission scheme is a variation of theexisting SC-FDMA transmission scheme, and in this scheme, data symbolsthat have undergone a precoder are split into a plurality of sub-blocksthat are mapped, separated from each other in the frequency domain.

Meanwhile, the LTE-A system is described in further detail.

A major feature of the clustered DFT-s-OFDM scheme is to enablefrequency-selective resource allocation so as to flexibly deal with afrequency selective fading environment.

At this time, in the clustered DFT-s-OFDM scheme adopted as uplinkaccess scheme in LTE-Advanced, unlike SC-FDMA that is a conventional LTEuplink access scheme, non-contiguous resource allocation is allowed, sothat uplink data transmitted may be split into several cluster units.

That is, while the LTE system is configured to maintain the singlecarrier characteristic in the case of uplink, the LTE-A system permitsDFT_precoded data to be assigned along the frequency axis in anon-contiguous way or both a PUSCH and a PUCCH to be transmitted al thesame time. In such case, it is difficult to maintain the single carriercharacteristic.

A carrier aggregation system is now described.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of comparison between a single carriersystem and a carrier aggregation system.

Referring to FIG. 7, there may be various carrier bandwidths, and onecarrier is assigned to the terminal. On the contrary, in the carrieraggregation (CA) system, a plurality of component carriers (DL CC A toC, UL CC A to C) may be assigned to the terminal. Component carrier (CC)means the carrier used in then carrier aggregation system and may bebriefly referred as carrier. For example, three 20 MHz component earnersmay be assigned so as to allocate a 60 MHz bandwidth to the terminal.

Carrier aggregation systems may be classified into a contiguous carrieraggregation system in which aggregated carriers are contiguous and anon-contiguous carrier aggregation system in which aggregated carriersare spaced apart from each other. Hereinafter, when simply referring toa carrier aggregation system, it should be understood as including boththe case where the component carrier is contiguous and the case wherethe control channel is non-contiguous.

When one or more component carriers are aggregated, the componentcarriers may use the bandwidth adopted in the existing system forbackward compatibility with the existing system. For example, the 3GPPLTE system supports band widths of 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHzand 20 MHz, and the 3GPP LTE-A system may configure a broad band of 20MHz or more only using the bandwidths of the 3GPP LTE system. Or, ratherthan using the bandwidths of the existing system, new bandwidths may bedefined to configure a wide band.

The system frequency band of a wireless communication system isseparated into a plurality of carrier frequencies. Here, the carrierfrequency means the cell frequency of a cell. Hereinafter, the cell maymean a downlink frequency resource and an uplink frequency resource. Or,the cell may refer to a combination of a downlink frequency resource andan optional uplink frequency resource. Further, in the general casewhere carrier aggregation (CA) is not in consideration, one cell mayalways have a pair of a uplink frequency resource and a downlinkfrequency resource.

In order for packet data to be transmitted/received through a specificcell, the terminal should first complete a configuration on the specificcell. Here, the configuration means that reception of system informationnecessary for data transmission-reception on a cell is complete. Forexample, the configuration may include an overall process of receivingcommon physical layer parameters or MAC (media access control) layersnecessary for data transmission and reception or parameters necessaryfor a specific operation in the RRC layer. A configuration-complete cellis in the state where, once when receiving information indicating packetdata may be transmitted, packet transmission and reception may beimmediately possible.

The cell that is in the configuration complete state may be left in anactivation or deactivation state. Here, the “activation” means that datatransmission or reception is being conducted or is in ready state. Theterminal may monitor or receive a control channel (PDCCH) and a datachannel (PDSCH) of the activated cell in order to identify resources(possibly frequency or time) assigned thereto.

The “deactivation” means that transmission or reception of traffic datais impossible while measurement or transmission/reception of minimalinformation is possible. The terminal may receive system information(SI) necessary for receiving packets from the deactivated cell. Incontrast, the terminal does not monitor or receive a control channel(PDCCH) and data channel (PDSCH) of the deactivated cell in order toidentify resources (probably frequency or time) assigned thereto.

Cells may be classified into primary cells and secondary cells, servingcells.

The primary cell means a cell operating at a primary frequency. Theprimary cell is a cell where the terminal conducts an initial connectionestablishment procedure or connection re-establishment procedure withthe base station or is a cell designated as a primary cell during thecourse of handover.

The secondary cell means a cell operating at a secondary frequency. Thesecondary cell is configured once an RRC connection is established andis used to provide an additional radio resource.

The serving cell is configured as a primary cell in case no carrieraggregation is configured or when the terminal cannot offer carrieraggregation. In case carrier aggregation is configured, the term“serving cell” denotes a cell configured to the terminal and a pluralityof serving cells may be included. One serving cell may consist of onedownlink component carrier or a pair of (downlink component carrier,uplink component carrier). A plurality of serving cells may consist of aprimary cell and one or more of all the secondary cells.

The PCC (primary component carrier) means a component carrier (CC)corresponding to the primary cell. The PCC is, among several CCs, theone where the terminal initially achieves connection or RRC connectionwith the base station. The PCC is a special CC that is in charge ofconnection or RRC connection for signaling regarding multiple CCs andmanages terminal context information (UE context) that is connectioninformation related with the terminal. Further, the PCC achievesconnection with the terminal, so that the PCC is always left in theactivation state when in RRC connected mode. The downlink componentcarrier corresponding to the primary cell is denoted downlink primarycomponent carrier (DL PCC) and the uplink component carriercorresponding to the primary cell is denoted uplink primary componentcarrier (UL PCC).

The SCC (secondary component carrier) means a CC corresponding to asecondary cell. That is, the SCC is a CC other than the PCC, which isassigned to the terminal and is an extended carrier for the terminal toperform additional resource allocation in addition to the PCC. The SCCmay be left in activation state or deactivation state. The downlinkcomponent carrier corresponding to the secondary cell is denoteddownlink secondary component carrier (DL SCC) and the uplink componentcarrier corresponding to the secondary cell is denoted uplink secondarycomponent carrier (UL SCC).

The primary cell and the secondary cell have the followingcharacteristics.

First, the primary cell is used for transmitting a PUCCH. Second, theprimary cell is always left activated while the secondary cell may beactivated/deactivated depending on a specific condition. Third, when theprimary cell experiences a radio link failure (hereinafter, ‘RLF’), RRCre-connection is triggered. Fourth, the primary cell may be varied by ahandover procedure that comes with an RACH (random access channel)procedure or by altering a security key. Fifth, NAS (non-access stratum)information is received through the primary cell. Sixth, in the FDDsystem, the primary cell has always a pair of a DL PCC and a UL PCC.Seventh, a different component carrier (CC) may be set as a primary cellin each terminal. Eighth, the primary cell may be replaced only througha handover or cell selection/cell re-selection procedure. In adding anew serving cell, RRC signaling may be used to transmit systeminformation of a dedicated serving cell.

When configuring a serving cell, a downlink component carrier may formone serving cell or a downlink component carrier and an uplink componentcarrier form a connection to thereby configure one serving cell.However, a serving cell is not configured with one uplink componentcarrier alone.

Activation/deactivation of a component carrier is equivalent in conceptto activation/deactivation of a serving cell. For example, assuming thatserving cell 1 is constituted of DL CC1 activation of serving cell 1means activation of DL CC1. If serving cell2 is configured by connectionof DL CC2 and UL CC2, activation of serving cell2 means activation of DLCC2 and UL CC2. In this sense, each component carrier may correspond toa serving cell.

The number of component carriers aggregated between uplink and downlinkmay vary. When the number of downlink CCs is the same as the number ofuplink CCs is denoted symmetric aggregation, and when the numbers differfrom each other is denoted asymmetric aggregation. Further, the sizes(i.e., bandwidth) of CCs may be different from each other. For example,when five CCs are used to configure a 70 MHz band, the configuration maybe made as follows: 5 MHz CC(carrier #0)+20 MHz CC(carrier #1)+20 MHzCC(carrier #2)+20 MHz CC(carrier #3)+5 MHz CC(carrier #4).

As described above, the carrier aggregation system, unlike the singlecarrier system, may support a plurality of component carriers (CCs),i.e., a plurality of serving cells.

Such carrier aggregation system may support cross-carrier scheduling.The cross-carrier scheduling is a scheduling scheme that may conductresource allocation of a PUSCH transmitted through other componentcarriers than the component carrier basically linked to a specificcomponent carrier and/or resource allocation of a PDSCH transmittedthrough other component carriers through a PDCCH transmitted through thespecific component carrier. In other words, the PDCCH and the PDSCH maybe transmitted through different downlink CCs, and the PUSCH may betransmitted through an uplink CC other than the uplink CC linked to thedownlink CC where the PDCCH including a UL grant is transmitted. Assuch, the system supporting cross-carrier scheduling needs a carrierindicator indicating a DL CC/UL CC through which a PDSCH/PUSCH istransmitted where the PDCCH offers control information. The fieldincluding such carrier indicator is hereinafter denoted carrierindication field (CIF).

The carrier aggregation system supporting cross-carrier scheduling maycontain a carrier indication field (CIF) in the conventional DCI(downlink control information) format. In the cross-carrierscheduling-supportive carrier aggregation system, for example, an LTE-Asystem, may have 3 bits expanded due to addition of the CIF to theexisting DCI format (i.e., the DCI format used in the LTE system), andthe PDCCH architecture may reuse the existing coding method or resourceallocation method (i.e., CCE-based resource mapping).

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of cross-carrier scheduling in a carrieraggregation system.

Referring to FIG. 8, the base station may configure a PDCCH monitoringDL CC (monitoring CC) set. The PDCCH monitoring DL CC set consists ofsome of all the aggregated DL CCs. If cross-carrier scheduling isconfigured, the terminal conducts PDCCH monitoring/decoding only on theDL CCs included in the PDCCH monitoring DL CC set. In other words, thebase station transmits a PDCCH for PDSCH/PUSCH to be scheduled onlythrough the DL CCs included in the PDCCH monitoring DL CC set. The PDCCHmonitoring DL CC set may be configured terminal-specifically, terminalgroup-specifically, or cell-specifically.

In FIG. 8, three DL CCs (DL CC A, DL CC B, and DL CC C) are aggregated,and by way of example, DL CC A is set as the PDCCH monitoring DL CC set.The terminal may receive a DL grant for the PDSCH of DL CC A, DL CC B,and DL CC C through the PDCCH of DL CC A. The DCI transmitted throughthe PDCCH of DL CC A includes a OF which allows it to be known which DLCC the DCI is for.

The CIF value is the same as the serving cell index value. The servingcell index is transmitted to the UE through an RRC signal. The servingcell index includes a value for identifying a serving cell, i.e., afirst cell (primary cell) or a second cell (secondary cell). Forexample, 0 may represent a first cell (primary cell).

FIG. 9 illustrates example scheduling when cross-carrier scheduling isconfigured in a earner aggregation system.

Referring to FIG. 9, DL CC 0, DL CC 2, and DL CC 4 are a PDCCHmonitoring DL CC set. The terminal searches a DL grant/UL grant for DLCC 0, UL CC 0 (UL CC linked via SIB2 with DL CC 0) in the CSS of DL CC0. In SS 1 of DL CC 0, a DL grant/UL grant for DL CC 1, UL CC 1 issearched. SS 1 is an example of the USS. That is, SS 1 of DL CC 0 is asearch space for searching a DL grant/UL grant performing cross-carrierscheduling.

Meanwhile, the carrier aggregation (CA) technologies, as describedabove, may be generally separated into an inter-band CA technology andan intra-band CA technology. The inter-band CA is a method thataggregates and uses CCs that are present in different bands from eachother, and the intra-band CA is a method that aggregates and uses CCs inthe same frequency tend. Further, CA technologies are more specificallysplit into intra-band contiguous CA, intra-band non-contiguous CA, andinter-band non-contiguous CA.

FIG. 10 is a concept view illustrating intra-band carrier aggregation(CA).

FIG. 10(a) illustrates intra-band contiguous CA, and FIG. 10(b)illustrates intra-band non-contiguous CA.

LTB-advanced adds various schemes including uplink MIMO and carrieraggregation in order to realize high-speed wireless transmission. The CAthat is being discussed in LTF-advanced may be split into the intra-bandcontiguous CA shown in FIG. 10(a) and the intra-band non-contiguous CAshown in FIG. 10(b).

FIG. 11 is a concept view illustrating inter-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 11(a) illustrates a combination of a lower band and a higher bandfor inter-band CA, and FIG. 11(b) illustrates a combination of similarfrequency bands for inter-band CA.

In other words, the inter-band carrier aggregation may be separated intointer-band CA between carriers of a low band and a high band havingdifferent RF characteristics of inter-band CA as shown in FIG. 11(a) andinter-band CA of similar frequencies that may use a common RF terminalper component carrier due to similar RF (radio frequency)characteristics as shown in FIG. 11(b).

TABLE 2 Oper- Downlink ating Uplink (UL) operating band (DL) operatingband Duplex Band F_(UL) _(—) _(low)-F_(UL) _(—) _(high) F_(DL) _(—)_(low)-F_(DL) _(—) _(high) Mode 1 1920 MHz-1980 MHz 2110 MHz-2170 MHzFDD 2 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1930 MHz-1990 MHz FDD 3 1710 MHz-1785 MHz 1805MHz-1880 MHz FDD 4 1710 MHz-1755 MHz 2110 MHz-2155 MHz FDD 5 824 MHz-849MHz 869 MHz-894 MHz FDD 6 830 MHz-840 MHz 875 MHz-885 MHz FDD 7 2500MHz-2570 MHz 2620 MHz-2690 MHz FDD 8 880 MHz-915 MHz 925 MHz-960 MHz FDD9 1749.9 MHz-1784.9 MHz 1844.9 MHz-1879.9 MHz FDD 10 1710 MHz-1770 MHz2110 MHz-2170 MHz FDD 11 1427.9 MHz-1447.9 MHz 1475.9 MHz-1495.9 MHz FDD12 699 MHz-716 MHz 729 MHz-746 MHz FDD 13 777 MHz-787 MHz 746 MHz-756MHz FDD 14 788 MHz-798 MHz 758 MHz-768 MHz FDD 15 Reserved Reserved FDD16 Reserved Reserved FDD 17 704 MHz-716 MHz 734 MHz-746 MHz FDD 18 815MHz-830 MHz 860 MHz-875 MHz FDD 19 830 MHz-845 MHz 875 MHz-890 MHz FDD20 832 MHz-862 MHz 791 MHz-821 MHz FDD 21 1447.9 MHz-1462.9 MHz 1495.9MHz-1510.9 MHz FDD 22 3410 MHz-3490 MHz 3510 MHz-3590 MHz FDD 23 2000MHz-2020 MHz 2180 MHz-2200 MHz FDD 24 1626.5 MHz-1660.5 MHz 1525MHz-1559 MHz FDD 25 1850 MHz-1915 MHz 1930 MHz-1995 MHz FDD 26 814MHz-849 MHz 859 MHz-894 MHz FDD 27 807 MHz-824 MHz 852 MHz-869 MHz FDD28 703 MHz-748 MHz 758 MHz-803 MHz FDD 29 N/A N/A 717 MHz-728 MHz FDD 302305 MHz-2315 MHz 2350 MHz-2360 MHz FDD 31 452.5 MHz-457.5 MHz 462.5MHz-467.5 MHz FDD . . . 33 1900 MHz-1920 MHz 1900 MHz-1920 MHz TDD 342010 MHz-2025 MHz 2010 MHz-2025 MHz TDD 35 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1850MHz-1910 MHz TDD 36 1930 MHz-1990 MHz 1930 MHz-1990 MHz TDD 37 1910MHz-1930 MHz 1910 MHz-1930 MHz TDD 38 2570 MHz-2620 MHz 2570 MHz-2620MHz TDD 38 1880 MHz-1920 MHz 1880 MHz-1920 MHz TDD 40 2300 MHz-2400 MHz2300 MHz-2400 MHz TDD 41 2496 MHz 2690 MHz 2496 MHz 2690 MHz TDD 42 3400MHz-3600 MHz 3400 MHz-3600 MHz TDD 43 3600 MHz-3800 MHz 3600 MHz-3800MHz TDD 44 703 MHz-803 MHz 703 MHz-803 MHz TDD

Meanwhile, the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A systems define operating bands for uplinkand downlink as shown in Table 2 above. Four CA cases shown in FIG. 11come from Table 2.

Here, F_(UL) _(_) _(low) means the lowest frequency in the uplinkoperating bands. F_(UL) _(high) means the highest frequency in theuplink operating bands. Further. F_(DL) _(_) _(low) means the lowestfrequency in the downlink operating bands, and F_(DL) _(_) _(low) meansthe highest frequency in the downlink operating bands.

When the operating bands are defined as shown in Table 2, each nation'sfrequency distributing organization may assign specific frequencies toservice providers in compliance with the nation's circumstances.

Meanwhile, CA bandwidth classes and their corresponding guard bands areas shown in the following table.

TABLE 3 CA Aggregated Maximum Bandwidth Transmission Bandwidth number ofNominal Class Configuration CCs Guard Band BWGB A N_(RB,agg) ≦ 100 10.05BW_(Channel(1)) B N_(RB,agg) ≦ 100 2 FFS C 100 < N_(RB,agg) ≦ 200 20.05 max(BW_(Channel(1)), BW_(Channel(2))) D 200 < N_(RB,agg) ≦ [300]FFS FFS E [300] < N_(RB,agg) ≦ [400] FFS FFS F [400] < N_(RB,agg) ≦[500] FFS FFS

In the above table, the brackets [ ] represent that the valuetherebetween is not completely determined and may be varied. FFS standsfor ‘For Further Study.’ N_(RB) _(_) _(agg) is the number of RBsaggregated in an aggregation channel band.

Table 4 below shows bandwidth sets respective corresponding to CAconfigurations.

TABLE 4 E-UTRA CA configuration/Bandwidth combination set Maximum 75RB +75RB aggregated Bandwidth E-UTRA CA 50RB + 100RB (15 MHz + 75RB + 100RB100RB + 100RB bandwidth Combination configuration (10 MHz + 20 MHz) 15MHz) (15 MHz + 20 MHz) (20 MHz + 20 MHz) [MHz] Set CA_1C Yes Yes 40 0CA_7C Yes Yes 40 0 CA_38C Yes Yes 40 0 CA_40C Yes Yes Yes 40 0 CA_41CYes Yes Yes Yes 40 0

In the above table, CA configuration represents an operating bandwidthand CA bandwidth class. For example, CA_1C means operating band 2 inTable 2 and CA band class C in Table 3. All of the CA operating classesmay apply to bands that are not shown in the above table.

FIG. 12 illustrates the concept of unwanted emission. FIG. 13specifically illustrates out-of-band emission of the unwanted emissionshown in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 illustrates a relationship between theresource block RB and channel band (MHz) shown in FIG. 12.

As can be seen from FIG. 12, a transmission modem sends a signal over achannel bandwidth assigned in an E-UTRA band.

Here, the channel bandwidth is defined as can be seen from FIG. 14. Thatis, a transmission bandwidth is set to be smaller than the channelbandwidth (BW_(Channel)). The transmission bandwidth is set by aplurality of resource blocks (RBs). The outer edges of the channel arethe highest and lowest frequencies that are separated by the channelbandwidth.

Meanwhile, as described above, the 3GPP LTE system supports channelbandwidths of 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz. Therelationship between such channel bandwidths and the number of resourceblocks is as below.

TABLE 5 Channel bandwidth BW_(Channel) [MHz] 1.4 3 5 10 15 20Transmission bandwidth settings NRB 6 15 25 50 75 100

Turning back to FIG. 12, unwanted emission arises in the band ofΔf_(OOB), and as shown, unwanted emission also occurs on the spuriousarea. Here, Δf_(OOB) means the magnitude in the out-of-band (OOB).Meanwhile, the out-of-band omission refers to the one that arises in aband close to an intended transmission band. The spurious emission meansthat unwanted waves spread up to a frequency band that is far away fromthe intended transmission band.

Meanwhile, 3GPP release 10 defines basic SE (spurious emission) thatshould not be exceeded according to a frequency range.

In the meantime, as illustrated in FIG. 13, if transmission is conductedin the E-UTRA channel band 1301, leakage, i.e., unwanted emission,occurs to out-of-bands (1302, 1303, and 1304 in the shown f_(OOB) area).

Here, UTRA_(ACLR1) denotes a ratio of leakage to a channel 1302 to anE-UTRA channel 1301, i.e., an adjacent channel leakage ratio, in casethe adjacent channel 1302 is the one for UTRA when a terminal conductstransmission on the E-UTRA channel 1301. UTRA_(ACLR2) is a ratio ofleakage to a channel 1303 (a UTRA channel) located to the adjacentchannel 1302, i.e., an adjacent channel leakage ratio, in case thechannel 1303 is the one for UTRA, as shown in FIG. 13. E-UTRA_(ACLR) isa ratio of leakage to an adjacent channel 1304 (i.e., an E-UTRA channel)when the terminal conducts transmission through the E-UTRA channel 1301,i.e., an adjacent channel leakage ratio.

As set forth above, if transmission is conducted in an assigned channelband, unwanted emission occurs to adjacent channels.

As described above, unwanted emission arises to bands adjacent to eachother. At this time, with respect to interference caused by transmissionfrom the base station, the amount of interference to adjacent bands maybe reduced to an allowed reference or less by designing a high-price andbulky RF filter in view of the base station's nature. On the contrary,in the case of the terminal, it is difficult to completely preventinterference to adjacent bands due to, e.g., the limited size ofterminal and limited price of the power amplifier or pre-duplex filterRF device.

Accordingly, the terminal's transmission power needs to be limited.

In the LTE system, a maximum power Pcmax in the UE is simply expressedas follows.Pcmax=Min(Pcmax,Pumax)  Equation 1

Where, the Pcmax represents maximum power (actual maximum transmissionpower) where the UE may transmit in a corresponding cell, and the Pemaxrepresents usable maximum power in a corresponding cell to which the BSsignals. Further, the Pumax represents maximum power of the UE on whichMaximum Power Reduction (hereinafter referred to as “MPR”) andAdditive-MPR (hereinafter referred to as “A-MPR”) are considered.

The maximum power P_(PowerClass) of the UE is listed in a followingtable 6.

TABLE 6 Power Power class class Operating band 1 (dBm) 3 (dBm) 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 18, 23 dBm 19, 20, 21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42,43, 44 14 31 dBm

Meanwhile, in a case of intra-band continuous CA. maximum powerP_(PowerClass) of the UE is listed in a following table 7.

TABLE 7 Operating Band Power class 3 (dBm) CA_1C 23 dBm CA_3C 23 dBmCA_7C 23 dBm CA_38C 23 dBm CA_40C 23 dBm CA_41C 23 dBm

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a method of limiting transmissionpower of a terminal.

As can be seen from FIG. 15(a), the terminal 100 conducts transmissionwith transmission power limited

In case a PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio) is increased, linearity ofthe power amplifier (PA) is reduced, as an MPR (maximum power reduction)value for limiting transmission power, an MPR value up to 2 dB may applydepending on modulation schemes in order to maintain such linearity.This is shown in the following table.

TABLE 8 Channel bandwidth/Transmission bandwidth (NRB) Modulation 1.4MHz 3.0 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz MPR (dB)QPSK >5 >4 >8 >12 >16 >18 ≦1 16 QAM ≦5 ≦4 ≦8 ≦12 ≦16 ≦18 ≦1 16QAM >5 >4 >8 >12 >16 >18 ≦2

Table 6 above represents MPR values for power classes 1 and 3.

<MPR per 3GPP Release 11>

Meanwhile, according to 3GPP release 11, the terminal adoptsmulti-cluster transmission in a single CC (component carrier) and naysimultaneously transmit a PUSCH and a PUCCH. As such, if the PUSCH andthe PUCCH are transmitted at the same time, the size of the IM3component (which means a distortion signal generated by intermodulation)that occurs at an out-of-band area may be increased as compared with theexisting size, and this may serve as larger interference to an adjacentband. Thus, the following MPR value may be set so as to meet generalspurious emission, ACLR (adjacent channel leakage ratio) and general SEM(spectrum emission mask) that are the terminal's emission requirementsthat should be observed by the terminal upon uplink transmission.MPR=CEIL{M _(A),0.5}  Equation 2

Here, M_(A) is as follows.M _(A)[8.0]−[10.12]A; 0<A≦[0.33][5.671]−[3.07]A; [0.33]<A≦[0.77][3.31];[0.77]<A≦[1.0]

Here, A is as follows.A=N _(RB) _(_) _(alloc) /N _(RB).

N_(RB) _(_) _(agg) is the number of RBs in the channel band, and N_(RB)_(_) _(alloc) is the total number of RBs that are transmitted at thesame time.

CEIL {M _(A), 0.5} is a function that rounds off on a per-0.5 dB basis.That is, MPRε[3.0, 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0].

The MPR value shown in Equation 2 above is the one that applies when ageneral PA (power amplifier) is used. If a high efficiency poweramplifier (HEPA) that is recently being researched is used, an MPR valueof a higher level may be needed. However, despite its advantage that itmay reduce power consumption and heat radiation by 30% or more, the HEPAsuffers from reduced cell coverage that comes from demand of a largerMPR value. Further, since linearity is guaranteed only up to 20 MHz todate, linearity is not insured considering carrier aggregation (CA).

<General MPR>

Taking the CA into account, the channel bandwidth of uplink, meanwhile,may be increased up to 40 MHz (20 MH+20 MHz), and accordingly, a largerMPR value is needed.

TABLE 9 CA bandwidth Class C Modulation 50 RB + 100 RB 75 RB + 75 RB 75RB + 100 RB 100 RB + 100 RB MPR (dB) QPSK >12 and ≦50 >16 and ≦75 >16and ≦75 >18 and ≦100 ≦1 QPSK >50 >75 >75 >100 ≦2 16 QAM ≦12  ≦16  ≦16  ≦18 ≦1 16 QAM >12 and ≦50 >16 and ≦75 >16 and ≦75 >18 and ≦100 ≦2 16QAM >50 >75 >75 >100 ≦3

Table 9 above represents MPR values for power class 3.

As in Table 9, in the case of class C of intra contiguous CA, an MPRvalue up to 3 dB may apply depending on modulation schemes. Meanwhile,under the environment of CA class C, the MPR value as follows should bemet considering multi-cluster transmission.MPR=CEIL{M _(A),0.5}  Equation 3

Here, M_(A) is as follows.MA=8.2; 0≦A<0.0259.2−40A; 0.025≦A<0.058−16A; 0.05≦A<0.254.83−3.33A; 0.25≦A<0.4,3.83−0.83A; 0.4≦A<1,

As can be seen from FIG. 15(b), the base station may apply A-MPR(additional maximum power reduction) by transmitting a network signal(NS) to the terminal 100. The A-MPR, unlike the above-mentioned MPR, isthat the base station transmits the network signal (NS) to the terminal100 operating at a specific operating band so that the terminal 100conducts additional power reduction in order not to affect adjacentbands, for example, not to give interference to the adjacent bands. Thatis, if a terminal applied with MPR receives a network signal (NS). A-MPRis additionally applied to determine transmission power.

The following table represents A-MPR values per network signal.

TABLE 10 Channel Network bandwidth Resources A-MPR Signaling value (MHz)Blocks (NRB) (dB) NS_01 1.4, 3, 5, 10, Not defined 15, 20 NS_03 3 >5 ≦15 >6 ≦1 10 >6 ≦1 15 >8 ≦1 20 >10 ≦1 NS_04 5 >6 ≦1 NS_05 10, 15, 20 ≧50≦1 NS_06 1.4, 3, 5, 10 — Not defined NS_07 10 Shown in Table 9 NS_08 10,15 >44 ≦3 NS_09 10, 15 >40 ≦1 >55 ≦2 NS_18 5 ≧2 ≦1 10, 15, 20 ≧1 ≦4

The following table represents A-MPR values when the network signal isNS_07.

TABLE 11 Parameter Region A Region B Region C RB_(start) 0-12 13-1819-42 43-49 L_(CRB) [RBs] 6-8 1-5, 9-50 ≧8 ≧18 ≦2 A-MPR [dB] ≦8 ≦12 ≦12≦6 ≦3

In the above table, R_(start) indicates the lowest RB index of atransmission RB. L_(CRB) indicates the length of consecutive RBallocations.

For example, in case the terminal provided with a service using a 10 MHzchannel bandwidth receives NS_07 as a network signal, the terminaldetermines transmission power according to the above table and transmitsthe determined transmission power. In other words, in case the terminalinstructs 5 RBs to be continuously sent from the 10^(th) RB that is astart point of the RBs when decoding a received uplink grant, theterminal may send the A-MPR value with up to 12 dB applied. Accordingly,the terminal's transmission power may apply alongside the equation forobtaining P_(cmax) below.

P_(cmax) should satisfy the following conditions.P _(CMAX) _(_) _(L) ≦P _(CMAX) ≦P _(CMAX) _(_) _(H)  Equation 4

Here, P_(CMAX) _(_) _(L) is obtained as follows.P _(CMAX) _(_) _(L)=MIN{P _(EMAX) ΔT _(C) ,P_(PowerClass)−MAX(MPR+A-MPR,P-MPR)−ΔT _(C)}  Equation 5

P_(CMAX) _(_) _(H) is obtained as follows.P _(CMAX) _(_) _(H)=MIN{P _(EMAX) ,P _(PowerClass)}  Equation 6

P_(EMAX) is given as P-Max through an RRC signal. P_(PowerClass)represents the maximum UE power considering an allowable value. P-MPR isan allowable maximum power reduction. P-MPR may be obtained from theequation for yielding P_(CMAX). T_(C) may be 0 dB or 1.5 dB.

<A-MPR per CA>

On the other hands, taking CA into consideration, the channel bandwidthof uplink may be increased up to 40 MHz (20 MHz+20 MHz), andaccordingly, a larger MPR value is needed. Thus, in case the basestation transmits a network signal to the terminal to protect a specificband in the CA environment, additional power reduction is conducted inthe terminal operating at the specific band, thereby protecting adjacentbands.

The following table represents CA configurations corresponding tonetwork signals.

TABLE 12 Network signal CA configuration CA_NS_01 CA_1C CA_NS_02 CA_1CCA_NS_03 CA_1C CA_NS_04 CA_41C CA_NS_05 CA_38C CA_NS_06 CA_7C

A-MPR for CS_NS_01 is summarized in detail in the following table.

TABLE 13 Frequency Maximum MBW Guard band range (MHz) level (dBm) (MHz)E-UTRA band 34 F_(DL) _(—) _(low) - F_(DL) _(—) _(high) −50 1 Frequencyrange 1884.5 - 1915.7 −41 0.3

A-MPR for CS_NS_02 is summarized in detail in the following, table.

TABLE 14 Frequency Maximum MBW Guard band range (MHz) level (dBm) (MHz)E-UTRA band 34 F_(DL) _(—) _(low) - F_(DL) _(—) _(high) −50 1 Frequencyrange 1900 - 1915 −15.5 5 Frequency range 1915 - 1920 +1.6 5

A-MPR for CS_NS_03 is summarized in detail in the following table.

TABLE 15 Frequency Maximum MBW Guard band range (MHz) level (dBm) (MHz)E-UTRA band 34 F_(DL) _(—) _(low) - F_(DL) _(—) _(high) −50 1 Frequencyrange 1880 - 1895 −40 1 Frequency range 1895 - 1915 −15.5 5 Frequencyrange 1915 - 1920 +1.6 5

FIG. 16 illustrates a used example of operating bands by continents.

As described with reference to FIG. 16, bands 1, 3, 7, 20, 38, 40, 42,43, and the like among the operating bands listed in the table 2 areused in Europe. Further, bands 1, 8, 9, 11, 13, 18 to 21, 26, 33, 34, 38to 42, and the like among the operating bands listed in the table 2 areused in Asia. Bands 2, 4, 7, 12 to 14, 17, 23 to 30, 41, and the likeare used in North America, and bands 2 to 4, 5, 7, 13, 17, 38, and thelike are used in South America.

It is noticed in FIG. 16 that the band 1 is intended to be used in Asiaor Europe but is not intended to be used in South America or NorthAmerica according to 3GPP. Similarly, the band 5 is intended to be usedin North America or South America but is not intended to be publiclyused in Asia or Europe.

In this manner, according to the related art, a maximum level withrespect to emission of a spurious region is simulated to meet bands usedin respective continents. That is, only a maximum level with respect toa spurious emission between operating bands (for example, bands 1, 8, 9,11, 13, 18 to 21, 26, 33, 34, and 38 to 42) for only Asia is simulatedin Asia. Only a maximum level with respect to the spurious emissionbetween operating bands (for example, bands 2 to 4, 7, 13, 17, and 38)for only South America is simulated in South America.

However, in recent years, a provider wishes to use a band (for example,band 5) which is not recommended and considered from 3GPP in somecountry (for example, Korea) of Asia. Similarly, a provider wishes touse a band (for example, band 1) which is not previously considered insome country (for example, Brazil) of South America. Accordingly, somecountry (for example, Korea) uses the band 5, the spurious emission isleaked into other bands. Accordingly, interference occurs in the otherbands. That is, a boundary of a use of a frequency by continents isbroken so that there causes a spurious emission problem which is notpreviously considered.

Accordingly, in addition to existing classification between continents,there is a need to newly determine a maximum level with respect to thespurious emission. In particular, for a case where the band 1 and theband 5 are used due to carrier aggregation (CA), there is a demand tonewly determine a maximum level with respect to the spurious emission.

<Brief Description of the Disclosure in the Specification>

A following table 16 illustrates a situation by some countries includingrecently added bands.

TABLE 16 Band 1 Band 3 Band Band Band Operating 2100 1800 Band 5 Band 7Band 8 26 27 28 Band 38 Band 40 Band 42 band MHz MHz 850 MHz 2600 MHz900 MHz 850 MHz 850 MHz 700 MHz 2600 MHz 2300 MHz 3500 MHz Countries X XX X X X X X Korea X X X X X X X X Australia X X X X X X Brazil X X X X XX X X X X Costa X X X Rica Hong X X X X Kong Israel X X X New X X X XZealand

As understood through the above table, since bands used in Korea of Asiainclude most of bands operated in other countries, the spurious emissionis simulated and an allowable maximum level is calculated using thebands used in Korea.

Further, in a case of Brazil, separately, the spurious emission issimulated an an allowable maximum level is calculated.

FIGS. 17A and 17B are exemplary diagrams illustrating bands used inKorea of Asia.

First, in Korea, a protected band includes bands 1, 3, 5, 8, 26, and 40.

As understood with reference to FIG. 17A, when subscriber UEs ofproviders LGU+, KT, and SKT in Korea use uplink UL of the band 1 whichis not recommended from 3GPP with respect to Asia region, the spuriousemission is leaked to an neighboring band 3.

Providers LGU+, KT, and SKT are using a neighboring band 3 in Korea.

Referring to FIG. 17B, when subscriber UEs of the providers LGU+, KT, anSKT in Korea use uplink UL of the band 5 which is not recommended from3GPP with respect to Asia region, the spurious emission is leaked touplink of a neighboring band 26, uplink of the band 8, and downlink ofthe band 5. The provider KT is using a neighboring band 26 in Korea.Similarly, the provider KT is using the band 8 in Korea.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are exemplary diagrams illustrating bands used inBrazil of South America.

A protected band in Brazil includes bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 26, 27, 28, 38,and 42.

As understood with reference to FIG. 18A, when uplink UP of band 1 whichis not recommended from 3GPP is used with respect to South Americaregion, the spurious emission is leaked to a neighboring band 3.

Referring to FIG. 18B, when uplink UP of band 5 which is not recommendedfrom 3GPP is used with respect to the South America region, the spuriousemission is leaked to downlink of a neighboring band 27, downlink of aneighboring band 26, uplink of the hand 8, and downlink of the band 5.

FIG. 19A is a graph illustrating an experimental result with respect toa band 1, and FIG. 19B is a graph illustrating an experimental resultwith respect to a band 5.

Basic RF simulation assumption and parameters will be described asfollows.

-   -   Transmission and reception architecture: LTE/LTE-A based UE    -   Channel bandwidth (PCC+SCC): 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz    -   Modulator impairments are as follows.    -   I/Q imbalance: 25 dBc    -   Carrier leakage: 25 dBc    -   Counter IM3:60 dBc

In this case, I/Q imbalance operates as diffusion between symmetricalsub-carriers to degrade performance. In this case, the unit dBcrepresents a relative size based on power of a carrier frequency.Carrier leakage is an additional sine wave having the same frequency asa carrier frequency of a modulation wave.

Counter IM3 (Counter Intermodulation Distortion) represents an elementgenerated by a component such as a mixer and an amplifier in an RFsystem.

-   -   PA(Power Amplifier) operating point: Pout=22 dBm (when QPSK is        used and the whole 100 RB is assigned)    -   Noise Floor: −140 dBm/Hz in PA output    -   Insertion loss: 3 dB    -   Measurement band: dBm/1 MHz

As understood with reference to FIG. 19A, when the UE performs atransmission in uplink of the band 1, a maximum level of spuriousemission SE to downlink 1805 to 1880 MHz of a neighboring band 3 isabout −48 dBm/MHz.

As understood with reference to FIG. 19B, when the UE performs atransmission in uplink of the band 5, a maximum level of spuriousemission SE to downlink of band 5 is about −35 dBm/MHz. In addition tothe experimental result, if it is considered that attenuation of aduplexer is about 20 dB, it may be calculated that a maximum level of aleaked spurious emission SE is −35−20=−55 dBm/MHz.

Further, a current emission regulation value for protecting basicUE-to-UE uses −50 dBm. Deterministic analysis with respect to this is avalue calculated by a following assumption, and is used as generalUE-to-UE coexistence requirements in 3GPP.

i) Duplexer attenuation consideration: reuse of duplexer attenuation atband 1 and band 5 for attacker UE to derive a reference sensitivity(REFSENS) level with respect to victim UE (that is, UE using neighboringbands such as bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 26, 27, 38, and 40).

ii) Antenna and human body loss: maximum 8 dB per person

iii) Maximum transmission power: consider MPR and A-MPR at the band 1and band 5

iv) Channel model: free space path loss model

v) UE to UE separate distance: 1 m or less

vi) Density less than 3 dB at a static condition

A spurious emission level of UE-to-UE using minimum coupling loss (MCL)may be derived from the above assumption.Spurious emission SE required in transmission=noise increase allowed inreception+MCL+penetration loss

In this case, the noise increase allowed in the reception is aninterference level estimated as follows.Allowable noise increase=−174 dB/Hz+60 dB/Hz+9 dB(NF)=−105 dBm/1 MHz

Further, the MCL level is derived as follows.MCL=path loss+transmission/reception antenna gain=38.44+8dB*2users=54.44

In this case, the path loss=20*log 10(fc[MHz])+20 log10(d[m])−27.6=38.44 dB. Further, it is assumed that the penetration lessLs ODB between neighboring UEs.

By using the deterministic analysis, the emission level is calculated as−50.56 dBm/1 MHz.

As a result, it may be determined that a maximum level of the spuriousemission SE required for UE-to-UE coexistence may be determined asapproximately −50 dBm/MHz.

Accordingly, referring to FIGS. 17A and 17B, a UE-to-UE coexistenceproblem in Asia, that is, in Korea Ls as follows.

1) Uplink of band 1 (1920 to 1980 MHz)

Downlink of band 3 (1805 to 1880 MHz): has a gap of 40 MHz from theband 1. Accordingly, a maximum level of the spurious emission may be therange of −40 to −50 dBm/MHz.

Band 40 (2300 to 2400 MHz): has a gap of 320 MHz from band 1.Accordingly, a maximum level of the spurious emission may be −50dBm/MHz.

Other bands 1, 5, 8, and 26: Since there is no harmonic component orintermodulation distortion (IMD), a general UE-to-UE coexistence problemmay be solved. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emissionmay be −50 dBm/MHz.

2) Uplink of band 5 (824 to 849 MHz):

Downlink of band 26 (859 to 894 MHz): has a gap of 10 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may be −27dBm/MHz.

Downlink of band 8 (925 to 960 MHz): has a gap of 76 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may be −50dBm/MHz.

Other bands 1, 3, 5, and 40: Since there is no harmonic component orintermodulation distortion (IMD), a general UE-to-UE coexistence problemmay be solved. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emissionmay be calculated as −50 dBm/MHz.

Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 18A and 18B, a UE-to-UE coexistenceproblem in South America, that Ls, in Brazil is as follows.

1) Uplink of band 1 (1920 to 1980 MHz)

Downlink of band 3 (1805 to 1880 MHz): has a gap of 40 MHz from theband 1. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as the range of −40 to −50 dBm/MHz.

Band 40 (2300 to 2400 MHz): has a gap of 320 MHz from the band 1.Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as −50 dBm/MHz.

Other band 38 (2570 to 2620 MHz), downlink of band 7 (2620 to 2690 MHz),and band 43 (3600 to 3800 MHz): Since there is no harmonic component orintermodulation distortion (IMD), a general UE-to-UE coexistence problemmay be solved. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emissionmay be calculated as −50 dBm/MHz.

Other bands 1, 5, 8, 26, 27, and 28: Since there is no harmoniccomponent or intermodulation distortion (IMD), a general UE-to-UEcoexistence problem may be solved. Accordingly, the maximum level of thespurious emission may be calculated as −50 dBm/MHz.

2) Uplink of band 5 (824 to 849 MHz):

Downlink of band 26 (859 to 894 MHz): has a gap of 10 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as −27 dBm/MHz.

Downlink of band 26 (859 to 894 MHz): has a gap of 10 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as −27 dBm/MHz.

Downlink of band 8 (925 to 960 MHz): has a gap of 76 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as −50 dBm/MHz.

Downlink of band 27 (852 to 869 MHz): has a gap of 3 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as 1.6 dBm/5 MHz with respect to 849 to 854 MHz. The maximumlevel of the spurious emission may be calculated as −15.5 dBm/5 MHz withrespect to 854 to 869 MHz.

Downlink of band 28 (758 to 803 MHz): has a gap of 21 MHz from the band5. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spurious emission may becalculated as −37 dBm/MHz.

Other bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 38, and 43: Since there is no harmonic componentor intermodulation distortion (IMD), a general UE-to-UE coexistenceproblem may be solved. Accordingly, the maximum level of the spuriousemission may be calculated as −50 dBm/MHz.

As described above, a maximum level with respect to the spuriousemission for a case of using the band 1 and the band 5 for carrieraggregation CA is listed in the table 16.

Table 16 illustrates UE-to-UE coexistence with respect to a protectedband in Korea, Brazil, and Australia. Accordingly, a first scheme to setUE-to-UE coexistence requirements according to the embodiment is ascheme to set spurious requirements with respect to protected bands1,3,5,7,8,26,27,28,38,40, and 42 in Asia-pacific region and SouthAmerica region in which an UE using CA 1A-5A(carrier aggregation ofbandwidth class A(N_(RB,agg)≦100 at band 1) and bandwidth classA(N_(RB,agg)≦100) at the band 5).

TABLE 17 Spurious emission Maximum E-UTRA CA Frequency range level MBWconfiguration Protected bands (MHz) (dBm) (MHz) Remarks CA_1A-5A E-UTRAbands 1, 3, 5, 7, F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 8, 38, 40, 42 E-UTRAband 26 FDL_low - FDL_high −27 1 E-UTRA band 28 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high−37 1 Remark 1: The measurements are applied to a region in whichsystems for CA 1A-5A UE are disposed. Remark 2: An FDL_low and anFDL_high represent a frequency listed in table 2. Remark 3: CA 1A-5A UEdoes not need to protect band 27 beyond SEM limitation.

Referring to the remark 3 in the table 17, since the band 27 is spacedapart from the band 5 by 3 MHz, among transmission requirements,requirements with respect to SEM which is satisfied to be more difficultthan UE-to-UE coexistence requirements may be satisfied. In the relatedart, requirements of −10 dBm/MHz are established with respect to aprotected band spaced apart from an attack band by 3 MHz. However, theUE-to-UE coexistence requirements are automatically satisfied if SEM forone earner wave is satisfied.

A second scheme to set UE-to-UE coexistence requirements according tothe present invention sets UE-to-UE coexistence requirements by regionsor countries. In this case, the spurious emission SE requirements shouldbe set by countries such as Korea and Brazil or by regions (orcontinents). In this case, interference issue occurs at other region andother country upon roaming so that CA 1A-5A cannot be used. Only when aUE using band 1 of 3GPP release 8 and 9 or band 5 is used, theinterference may be prevented. However, when two uplink inter-band CAsare performed, the second scheme may be one solution.

This is expressed by a following table 18.

TABLE 18 Spurious emission Maximum E-UTRA CA Frequency range level MBWconfiguration Protected bands (MHz) (dBm) (MHz) Remarks CA_1A- E-UTRAbands 1, 3, 5, 8, 40 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 5A*****Asia E-UTRAband 26 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −27 1 CA_1A- E-UTRA Band 1, 3, 5, 7, 8,38, F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 5ASouth 43 America E-URA band 26F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −27 1 E-UTRA band 28 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high−37 1 Remark 1: The measurements are applied to a region in whichsystems for CA 1A-5A UE are disposed. Remark 2: An FDL_low and anFDL_high represent a frequency listed in table 2. Remark 3: CA 1A-5A UEdoes not need to protect band 27 beyond SEM limitation.

A third scheme to set UE-to-UE coexistence requirements according to thepresent invention sets UE-to-UE coexistence requirements with respect toall bands defined as protected bands for an existing band and allprotected bands of the band 5. This may solve all interference issuesbetween neighboring UEs upon global roaming and allows inter-band CA1A-5A to be used in all regions. Accordingly, the third scheme setsrequirements with respect to E-UTRA bands 1, 3,7, 8, 9, 11, 18, 19, 20,21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 33, 34, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, and 44 serving as aprotected band of band 1 and a PHS band, and sets requirements withrespect to E-UTRA bands 2, 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25,26,27, 28, 41, 42, and 43 serving as a protected band of band 5.

However, the third scheme cannot be used in countries and regions inwhich operating band partially overlapped or perfectly subset betweenactual operating bands are used. For example, since downlink of the band2 is 1930-1990 MHz, the downlink of the band 2 overlaps with downlink ofthe band 1 during a period of 1930 to 1980 MHz. In this case, thedownlink of the band 2 cannot be discriminated by a duplexer or afilter. Accordingly, a UE of the band 1 significantly interferes with anUE of a neighboring band 2. Accordingly, the band 2 or the band 25 andthe band 25 cannot be used in the same region.

TABLE 19 Spurious emission Maximum E-UTRA CA level MBW configurationProtected bands Frequency range (dBm) (MHz) Remarks CA_1A-5A E-UTRAbands 1, 4, 5, 7, F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 38, 40, 42, and 43 E-UTRA bands 3 and 34F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 6 E-UTRA band 26 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high−27 1 E-UTRA band 28 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −37 1 E-UTRA band 41F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 5 E-UTRA band 18 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high−27 1 E-UTRA band 44 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −37 1 Frequency range(band 39) 1880 1895 −40 1 6, 27 Frequency range (bands 1895 1915 −15.5 56, 27 33, 39) Frequency range (bands 1915 1920 +1.6 5 6, 27 33 and 39)Frequency range (PHS) 1884.5 - 1915.7 −41 0.3 7, 8, 6 Frequency range(band 9) 1839.9 - 1879.9 −50 1 6 Remark 1: he measurements are appliedto a region in which systems for CA 1A-5A UE are disposed. Remark 2: AnFDL_low and an FDL_high represent a frequency listed in table 2. Remark3: CA 1A-5A UE does not need to protect band 27 beyond SEM limitationRemark 4: Since band 2 and band 25 may be served in the same region, therequirements are not applied. Remark 7: It is applied when; NS_05 signalis received from a network. Remark 8: It is applied to coexistence witha PHS system operating at 1884.5-1915.7 MHz.

Meanwhile, in order to combine the above CA bands by regions (orcontinents), in addition to schemes to add UE-to-UE coexistencerequirements supporting two uplink inter-band CAs, requirements byregions (continents) with two uplinks may be added to UE-to-UEcoexistence requires of existing 3GPP release 8 or 9. This may bepresented as a union of lists having bands to be protected in a regionin which two inter-bands are used as in the above suggested scheme. In acase of the above inter-band CA 1A-5A UE and 3A-5A, bands to beprotected in Asia include bands 1, 3, 5, 8, 26, and 40. Protected bandsin South America region include bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 26, 27, 28, 38, and42. Accordingly, a union thereof may add requirements with respect toprotected bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 26, 27, 28, 38, 40, and 42 inAsia-pacific region and South America region as follows.

TABLE 20 Spurious emission Maximum E-UTRA Frequency range level MBW bandProtected bands (MHz) (dBm) (MHz) Remarks 1 E-UTRA bands 1, 7, 8, 11,18, F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 19, 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 31, 38,40, 41, 42, 43, and 44 E-UTRA band 5 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 32E-UTRA bands 3 and 34 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 15 Frequency range1880 1895 −40 1 15, 27 Frequency range 1895 1915 −15.5 5 15, 26, 27Frequency range 1915 1920 +1.6 5 15, 26, 27 Frequency range 1884.5 -1915.7 −41 0.3 6, 8, 15 Frequency range 1839.9 - 1879.9 −50 1 15 2E-UTRA bands 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 14, 17,22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 26, 28, 29, 30, 41, and 42 E-UTRA band 2, 25F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 15 E-UTRA band 43 F_(DL)_low -F_(DL)_high −50 1 2 3 E-UTRA bands 1, 7, 8, 20, 26 F_(DL)_low -F_(DL)_high −50 1 27, 28, 31, 33, 34, 38, 41, 43, and 44 E-UTRA band 5F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 32 E-UTRA band 3 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high−50 1 15 E-UTRA bands 11, 18, 19, 21 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 13E-UTRA bands 22 and 42 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 2 Frequency range1884.5 - 1915.7 −41 0.3 13 4 E-UTRA bands 2, 4, 5, 10, 12, F_(DL)_low -F_(DL)_high −50 1 13, 14, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 41, 43E-UTRA band 7 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 32 E-UTRA band 42F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 2 5 E-UTRA bands 2, 4, 5, 10, 12,F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 13, 14, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30,31, 42, and 43 E-UTRA bands 1, 3, 7, 8, 38, 40 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high−50 1 32 E-UTRA band 41 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 2 E-UTRA band 26859 - 869 −27 1 6 E-UTRA bands 1, 9, 11, 34 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −501 Frequency range  860 -  875 −37 1 Frequency range  875 -  895 −50 1Frequency range 1884.5 - 1919.6 −41 0.3 7 1884.5 - 1915.7 8 7 E-UTRAbands 1, 3, 7, 8, 20, 22, F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 27, 28, 29, 30,31, 33, 34, 42, 43 E-UTRA band 4 F_(DL)_low - F_(DL)_high −50 1 32Frequency range 2570 - 2575 +1.6 5 15, 21, 26 Frequency range 2575 -2595 −15.5 5 15, 21, 26 Frequency range 2595 - 2620 −40 1 15, 21 NOTE32: it is applied when a UE supports two uplink inter-band CAs.

FIG. 20 illustrates an operation of UE according to the presentinvention.

Referring to FIG. 20(a), FIG. 20(a) illustrates an example where aprovider A and a provider B simultaneously provide a service to aspecific region.

In this situation, as shown in FIG. 20(b), a BS of the provider Atransmits a Master Information Block (MIB) and a System InformationBlock (SIB).

The SIB may include at least one of information on operating bands usedby the BS, information on a uplink UL bandwidth, and information on auplink UL carrier frequency among operating bands listed in the table 2.

In this case, when carrier aggregation CA is set and the CA isactivated, a UE of a provider A determines whether the set CAcorresponds to inter-band CA. The CA may be set by receiving setting ofa secondary cell. Further, the CA may be activated by receiving a signalon activation of a secondary cell.

When the set CA corresponds to inter-band CA, each carrier wave has theband 1 and the band 5, and the number of resource blocks RBs of eachband is 100 or less, the UE of a provider A transmits a maximum level ofspurious emission less than a value listed in one of the tables 16 to 19leaked as a protected band listed in one of tables 16 to 19.

However, when a band to be used by the UE is one of the band 1 and theband 5 based on the SIB, the UE of the provider A transmits a maximumvalue of spurious emission leaked to a protected band listed in table 19less than a value listed in the table 19.

Embodiment of the present invention may be implemented through variousmeans. For example, the embodiments of the present invention may beimplemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.

According to hardware implementation, the method according to theembodiments of the present invention may be implemented usingApplication Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), digital signalprocessors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs),programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs), processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors.

According to firmware or software implementation, the method accordingto the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in theform of a module, a procedure or a function to perform the abovefunctions or operation. A software code is stored in a memory unit sothat the software code may be driven by a processor. The memory unit maybe located inside or outside the processor to exchange data with theprocessor by various know means. The wireless communication systemaccording to an embodiment of the present invention will be describedwith reference to FIG. 21.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication systemaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

A base station 200 includes a processor 201, a memory 202, and a radiofrequency (RF) unit 203. The memory 202 is connected to the processor201 to store various information for driving the processor 201. The RFunit 203 is connected to the processor 201 to transmit and/receive awireless signal. The processor 201 implements a suggested function,procedure, and/or method. An operation of the base station 200 accordingto the above embodiment may be implemented by the processor 201.

A wireless device 100 includes a processor 101, a memory 102, and an RFunit 103. The memory 102 is connected to the processor 101 to storevarious information for driving the processor 101. The RF unit 103 isconnected to the processor 101 to transmit and/receive a wirelesssignal. The processor 101 implements a suggested function, procedure,and/or method. An operation of the wireless 100 according to the aboveembodiment may be implemented by the processor 201.

A processor may include an application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, and/or a data processor. Amemory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), aflash memory, a memory card, a storage medium, and/or other storagedevices. An RF unit may include a baseband circuit to process an RFsignal. When the embodiment is implemented, the above scheme may beimplemented by a module (procedure, function, and the like) to performthe above function. The module is stored in the memory and may beimplemented by the processor. The memory may be located inside oroutside the processor, and may be connected to the processor throughvarious known means.

In the above exemplary system, although methods are described based on aflowchart including a series of steps or blocks, the present inventionis limited to an order of the steps. Some steps may be generated in theorder different from or simultaneously with the above other steps.Further, it is well known to those skilled in the art that the stepsincluded in the flowchart are not exclusive but include other steps orone or more steps in the flowchart may be eliminated without exerting aninfluence on a scope of the present invention.

The present invention may be used in a terminal, a base station, andother device of a wireless mobile communication system.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for limiting a spurious emission, themethod performed by a user equipment (UE) and comprising: configuring aradio frequency (RF) unit to use bands 1 and 5 for a carrieraggregation; if a number of resource blocks (RBs) in each of the bands 1and 5 are equal to or less than 100, controlling the RF unit to limit amaximum level of spurious emission to −50 dBm to protect another UEusing at least one of bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 38, 40, and 42; controllingthe RF unit of the UE to limit the maximum level of the spuriousemission to −27 dBm for protecting a band 26; and transmitting uplinksignals on the bands 1 and 5, wherein the band 1 includes an uplinkoperating band of 1920-1980 MHz and a downlink operating band of2110-2170 MHz, wherein the band 3 includes an uplink operating band of1710-1785 MHz and a downlink operating band of 1805-1880 MHz, whereinthe band 5 includes an uplink operating band of 824-849 MHz and adownlink operating band of 869-894 MHz, wherein the band 7 includes anuplink operating band of 2500-2570 MHz and a downlink operating band of2620-2690 MHz, wherein the band 8 includes an uplink operating band of880-915 MHz and a downlink operating band of 925-960 MHz, wherein theband 26 includes an uplink operating band of 814-849 MHz and a downlinkoperating band of 859-894 MHz, wherein the band 38 includes an uplinkoperating band of 2570-2620 MHz and a downlink operating band of2570-2620 MHz, wherein the band 40 includes an uplink operating band of2300-2400 MHz and a downlink operating band of 2300-2400 MHz, andwherein the band 42 includes an uplink operating band of 3400-3600 MHzand a downlink operating band of 3400-3600 MHz.
 2. The method of claim1, further comprising: controlling the RF unit of the UE to limit themaximum level of the spurious emission to −37 dBm for protecting a band28 including an uplink operating band of 703-748 MHz and a downlinkoperating band of 758-803 MHz.